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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Examination of Oral Candida Infection in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients
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Examination of Oral Candida Infection in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients

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How common is oral lichen planus?

Marco Carrozzo1

  • 1Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Evidence-Based Dentistry
|January 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A review of studies on oral lichen planus (OLP) found only one population study with sufficient data to estimate prevalence. Further research with standardized methods is needed to accurately determine OLP prevalence across diverse populations.

Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology and epidemiology.
  • Systematic review methodology.

Background:

  • This review systematically searched Medline and ISI Web of Science for studies on oral lichen planus (OLP) prevalence or incidence.
  • Included studies were assessed for methodological quality, including study design, demographic data, and diagnostic confirmation.

Discussion:

  • Out of 45 identified papers, only one population-based study met minimal quality criteria for estimating OLP prevalence.
  • Most studies were clinic-based or population-based but lacked adequate demographic descriptions or diagnostic confirmation.

Key Insights:

  • An age-standardized prevalence of 1.27% (0.96% in men, 1.57% in women) was calculated from the single adequate study.
  • This study could not differentiate between OLP and lichenoid reactions.

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Outlook:

  • There is a critical need for well-designed epidemiological studies on OLP.
  • Future research should employ standardized diagnostic criteria and methods across diverse populations to establish reliable prevalence data.