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Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
The...

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Next-generation Sequencing of 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Amplicons
10:24

Next-generation Sequencing of 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Amplicons

Published on: August 29, 2014

Perspectives of DNA microarray and next-generation DNA sequencing technologies.

XiaoKun Teng1, HuaSheng Xiao

  • 1National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai, Shanghai, 201203, China.

Science in China. Series C, Life Sciences
|January 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary

DNA microarray and next-generation sequencing are key high-throughput genome research tools. This review compares their principles, applications, and future in genomics.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • DNA microarray and next-generation sequencing (NGS) are crucial for high-throughput genome research.
  • Microarrays have been widely used in functional genomics, systems biology, and pharmacogenomics.
  • NGS technologies, emerging since 2003, have rapidly advanced and are challenging microarray applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the working principles of DNA microarray and NGS technologies.
  • To compare the applications and perspectives of these two genome research tools.
  • To highlight the advancements and impact of NGS in genomics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on DNA microarray and next-generation sequencing.
  • Comparative analysis of technological principles.
  • Discussion of current and potential applications in genome research.

Main Results:

  • DNA microarrays offer established methods for specific genomic analyses.
  • NGS provides high-throughput, comprehensive genomic data with rapidly improving capabilities.
  • NGS is increasingly adopted across diverse genomics fields, posing a challenge to microarrays.

Conclusions:

  • Both technologies are vital for understanding genome structure and function.
  • NGS represents a significant advancement, expanding the scope of genomic research.
  • The future likely involves complementary use and continued innovation in both sequencing and microarray technologies.