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Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Serial Enrichment of Spermatogonial Stem and Progenitor Cells (SSCs) in Culture for Derivation of Long-term Adult Mouse SSC Lines

Serial Enrichment of Spermatogonial Stem and Progenitor Cells (SSCs) in Culture for Derivation of Long-term Adult Mouse SSC Lines

Published on: February 25, 2013

Spermatogonial stem cells: unlimited potential.

M Dym¹, Z He, J Jiang

¹Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, 3900 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA.

Reproduction, Fertility, and Development

|January 21, 2009

Summary

Human spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) can be reprogrammed to pluripotency without added genes. G protein-coupled receptor 125 (GPR125) may mark these cells, offering potential for regenerative medicine.

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Serial Enrichment of Spermatogonial Stem and Progenitor Cells (SSCs) in Culture for Derivation of Long-term Adult Mouse SSC Lines

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Published on: November 7, 2011

Area of Science:

Stem cell biology
Regenerative medicine
Human reproductive biology

Background:

Adult cell reprogramming to pluripotency often uses cancer-causing genes, limiting therapeutic use.
Mouse spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) can be reprogrammed without exogenous genes, highlighting their potential.
Human SSCs are poorly understood, with A(dark) and A(pale) subtypes identified previously.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify markers for human SSCs.
To investigate the potential of human SSCs for reprogramming to pluripotency.
To explore the therapeutic applications of reprogrammed human SSCs.

Main Methods:

Identification of potential human SSC markers.
Reprogramming of putative human SSCs to pluripotency without gene addition.
Analysis of reprogrammed cell characteristics.

Main Results:

G protein-coupled receptor 125 (GPR125) is proposed as a marker for human SSCs.
Human SSCs were successfully reprogrammed to pluripotency without exogenous gene delivery.
This reprogramming achieved without added genes suggests significant potential for regenerative therapies.

Conclusions:

GPR125 may serve as a reliable marker for identifying human SSCs.
Human SSCs possess inherent plasticity enabling reprogramming to pluripotency.
Gene-free reprogramming of human SSCs opens avenues for cell-based autologous organ regeneration therapies.