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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Monitoring Dynamic Growth of Retinal Vessels in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy Mouse Model
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Published on: April 2, 2021

A change in oxygen supplementation can decrease the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity.

Jonathan E Sears1, Jeffrey Pietz, Christine Sonnie

  • 1Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195-5024, USA. searsj@ccf.org

Ophthalmology
|January 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Adjusting oxygen supplementation targets in neonatal intensive care units significantly reduced retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) incidence and severity. This change promoted normal retinal development in premature infants.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Critical Care

Background:

  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of visual impairment in premature infants.
  • Oxygen supplementation is a critical intervention in neonatal care but can influence ROP development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a revised oxygen supplementation protocol on the incidence and severity of ROP.
  • To compare ROP outcomes before and after implementing new oxygen saturation targets.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, nonrandomized study of infants in a Level III NICU from 2005-2007.
  • Comparison of ROP incidence between two cohorts: one with standard high oxygen targets (95-100%) and another with strictly monitored, lower targets (80-97%) based on corrected gestational age.
  • Data collected prospectively included gestational age, birth weight, ROP stage/zone, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • ROP incidence decreased from 35% to 13% after the protocol change (P=0.001).
  • The incidence of severe ROP (Stage 3) decreased from 11% to 2% (P=0.021).
  • Incidence of immature retinal vessels (Stage 0) increased, suggesting normal development.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing lower oxygen saturation targets for younger premature infants and higher targets for older ones effectively reduces ROP incidence and severity.
  • This revised oxygen management strategy supports normal retinal vascular development in preterm neonates.