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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

The Functions of the Skeletal System

The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Cross-bridge Cycle01:26

Cross-bridge Cycle

As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
12:59

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

Physical activity, muscle function, falls and fractures.

Magnus K Karlsson1, Anders Nordqvist, Caroline Karlsson

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics and Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Sweden.

Food & Nutrition Research
|January 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regular physical activity can significantly improve muscle strength and balance in older adults, thereby reducing the risk of falls and fractures. This evidence supports exercise as a key preventative measure for fragility fractures.

Keywords:
exercisefallfracturesmuscle massmuscle strengthphysical activity

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
12:59

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Exercise Science

Background:

  • Fragility fractures represent a major and growing public health concern.
  • Muscle strength and balance are critical determinants of fracture risk.
  • Physical activity may mitigate fracture risk by enhancing strength and balance, and reducing falls.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if physical activity improves muscle strength and balance.
  • To assess the impact of physical activity on fall frequency and fracture incidence.

Main Methods:

  • A thematic review of literature, primarily including randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Searches were conducted in Medline (PubMed) using keywords: exercise, physical activity, muscle strength, balance, falls, fractures.

Main Results:

  • Physical activity is strongly associated with improved muscle strength, coordination, and balance.
  • Evidence indicates physical activity reduces the number of falls.
  • Studies suggest physical activity is linked to a reduced risk of hip fractures, though data on other fracture types are less robust.

Conclusions:

  • Physical activity is recommended for older adults to enhance muscle strength and balance.
  • Exercise can reduce the risk of falls and subsequent fractures.
  • Further RCTs with fracture as an endpoint are needed to strengthen evidence.