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Related Concept Videos

Inhaled Medications01:23

Inhaled Medications

Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids

Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce relaxation in these...
Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:

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Related Experiment Videos

Inhaled steroids for bronchiectasis.

Nitin Kapur1, Scott Bell, John Kolbe

  • 1Child Health Division,, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin Uni & Qld Respiratory Childrens Centre, RCH, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. dr_kapurnitin@rediffmail.com

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) show no significant benefit for stable bronchiectasis symptoms or exacerbations in adults. High-dose ICS may improve lung function and quality of life short-term, but evidence for long-term use is lacking.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by irreversible airway dilation and frequent infections.
  • It leads to significant respiratory morbidity, particularly in developing nations.
  • Current management focuses on symptom control and preventing disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in managing bronchiectasis.
  • To determine if ICS reduce exacerbations and long-term pulmonary decline in stable bronchiectasis.
  • To evaluate ICS use in both pediatric and adult populations.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted.
  • Searches included Cochrane Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases up to September 2007.
  • RCTs comparing ICS with placebo or no medication in adults and children with bronchiectasis (excluding cystic fibrosis) were included.

Main Results:

  • No pediatric studies were identified; six adult studies met inclusion criteria.
  • Short-term, high-dose ICS improved FEV1, FVC, QOL, and sputum volume in adults but not peak flow, exacerbations, cough, or wheeze.
  • Placebo-controlled analyses and long-term outcome studies showed no significant benefits of ICS.

Conclusions:

  • Insufficient evidence supports routine inhaled corticosteroid use in stable adult bronchiectasis.
  • Therapeutic trials may be considered for difficult-to-control symptoms, balancing risks of high-dose ICS.
  • No recommendations can be made for ICS in acute exacerbations or in children due to lack of studies.