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Related Concept Videos

Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:

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Short-Duration Hypothermia Induction in Rats using Models for Studies examining Clinical Relevance and Mechanisms
05:00

Short-Duration Hypothermia Induction in Rats using Models for Studies examining Clinical Relevance and Mechanisms

Published on: March 3, 2021

Hypothermia for traumatic head injury.

Emma Sydenham1, Ian Roberts, Phil Alderson

  • 1Cochrane Injuries Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Room 280, Keppel Street, London, UK, WC1E 7HT. emma.sydenham@lshtm.ac.uk

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Mild hypothermia may reduce mortality and unfavorable outcomes in traumatic head injury patients. However, benefits were mainly observed in low-quality trials, with high-quality trials showing non-significant results and a potential increased risk of pneumonia.

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Short-Duration Hypothermia Induction in Rats using Models for Studies examining Clinical Relevance and Mechanisms
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Published on: March 3, 2021

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Systems Analysis of the Neuroinflammatory and Hemodynamic Response to Traumatic Brain Injury
07:21

Systems Analysis of the Neuroinflammatory and Hemodynamic Response to Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: May 27, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Hypothermia has a long history in treating head injuries.
  • Recent trials and studies have renewed interest in its therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of mild hypothermia on mortality and long-term functional outcomes in traumatic head injury.
  • To assess complications associated with hypothermia treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Searched multiple databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL up to May 2008.
  • Included RCTs of hypothermia (max 35°C for ≥12 hours) in closed traumatic head injury patients.

Main Results:

  • 22 trials with 1409 patients were analyzed.
  • Hypothermia showed a significant reduction in mortality (OR 0.76) and unfavorable outcomes (OR 0.69) in overall analysis.
  • High-quality trials with good allocation concealment did not find statistically significant reductions in death or unfavorable outcomes.
  • A non-significant increase in pneumonia risk was observed with hypothermia.

Conclusions:

  • Mild hypothermia may offer benefits for traumatic head injury patients, but evidence is strongest in lower-quality trials.
  • High-quality trials suggest a potential, albeit non-significant, benefit and an increased risk of pneumonia.
  • Patients should only receive hypothermia as part of a well-designed randomized controlled trial.