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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection
05:32

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Published on: September 21, 2015

Antimicrobial prophylaxis for colorectal surgery.

Richard L Nelson1, Anne Marie Glenny, Fujian Song

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield, Yorkshire, UK, S5 7AU. Rick.Nelson@sth.nhs.uk

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prophylactic antibiotics for colorectal surgery significantly reduce surgical wound infections (SWI). Combined oral and intravenous administration targeting both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria is most effective, reducing SWI risk by over 75%.

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A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer
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A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer

Published on: July 6, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection
05:32

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Published on: September 21, 2015

A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer
06:01

A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer

Published on: July 6, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Surgical Infectious Diseases
  • Evidence-Based Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Surgical wound infection (SWI) is a significant risk following colorectal surgery.
  • Prophylactic antibiotics are known to reduce SWI, but optimal regimens are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the effectiveness of antimicrobial prophylaxis in preventing SWI after colorectal surgery.
  • To identify the optimal bacterial targets, timing, duration, and route of antibiotic administration.
  • To compare the efficacy of various antibiotic choices against established standards.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 182 randomized controlled trials (30,880 participants).
  • Searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases from 1980 to 2007.
  • Focused on SWI as the primary outcome, abstracting data on antibiotic choice, spectrum, timing, duration, and route.

Main Results:

  • Prophylactic antibiotics significantly reduced SWI compared to placebo (RR 0.30).
  • Additional coverage for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria improved SWI rates.
  • Combined oral and intravenous administration was more effective than intravenous or oral alone.
  • No significant difference was found between short- and long-term prophylaxis or single vs. multiple doses.
  • Established gold standard regimens were as effective as other choices.

Conclusions:

  • Combined oral and intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis targeting aerobic and anaerobic bacteria is recommended before colorectal surgery.
  • This approach can reduce SWI risk by at least 75%.
  • Further research is needed on optimal dosing and long-term adverse effects like C. difficile infection.