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[Nutritional control in orthopedic surgery patients]
S García Duque1, G Pérez Segura, E Sanavia Morán
1Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España.
Nutricion Hospitalaria
|January 24, 2009
Summary
Malnutrition is prevalent in orthopaedic patients, with screening tools like MUST indicating high risk in 80%. Nutritional status deteriorates post-surgery, increasing pressure sore risk.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Nutrition
- Orthopaedic Surgery
- Patient Outcomes
Background:
- Nutritional status is critical for patient recovery, especially in orthopaedic surgery.
- Prevalence of malnutrition and its impact on outcomes in this population require thorough assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the nutritional status of orthopaedic patients upon admission.
- To determine the correlation between malnutrition and factors like pressure sores and daily living dependence.
- To observe the changes in nutritional status post-orthopaedic surgery.
Main Methods:
- Prospective observational study in a tertiary hospital's Clinical Nutrition Unit.
- Inclusion of 107 orthopaedic patients undergoing hip or knee prosthesis surgery.
- Utilized medical history, anthropometrics, and screening tools (MNA, MUST, SGA) to assess nutritional status.
Main Results:
- High malnutrition risk identified: 22-24% by MNA/SGA, 80% by MUST.
- Strong correlation found between malnutrition and neuropsychological status (p=0.001) and daily living dependence (p=0.002).
- Increased risk of pressure sores associated with medium-high malnutrition risk (p=0.003); deteriorating nutritional status post-surgery (p=0.000).
Conclusions:
- Elevated prevalence of malnutrition in orthopaedic patients at admission.
- Orthopaedic surgery patients exhibit deteriorating nutritional status post-operatively.
- Malnutrition is linked to increased incidence of pressure sores and functional dependence.
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