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Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients treated with hemodialysis--epidemiological analysis

Dejan Petrović1, Biljana Stojimirović

  • 1Clinical Center, Clinic of Urology and Nephrology, Kragujevac, Srbija. aca96@eunet.yu

Vojnosanitetski Pregled
|January 24, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Patients on hemodialysis (HD) face high risks for cardiovascular disease and death. This study identified key risk factors and complications, highlighting the urgent need for better management strategies in this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases are the primary cause of mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients, with a 9% annual cardiovascular mortality rate.
  • Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure are the most common cardiovascular causes of death in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors in HD patients.
  • To assess the incidence of cardiovascular complications and overall/cardiovascular mortality rates in patients undergoing HD.

Main Methods:

  • A two-year follow-up study involving 115 patients on HD for at least six months.
  • Assessment of standard biochemical parameters, cardiac troponins, and echocardiographic measures of LV morphology and function.
  • Statistical analysis using Student's t test and Mann-Whitney U test.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (86.09%), anemia (76.52%), hypertriglyceridemia (43.48%), and uncontrolled hypertension (36.52%).
  • Significant LV hypertrophy (71.31%), congestive heart failure (8.70%), heart valve calcification (48.70%), pericardial effusion (25.22%), and dysrhythmia (20.87%).
  • Adverse outcomes correlated with lower serum albumin and higher serum homocysteine, troponin levels, and LV mass index.

Conclusions:

  • Patients undergoing hemodialysis exhibit a substantially elevated risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • The findings underscore the critical need for proactive cardiovascular risk factor management in HD patients.
Abstract

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