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T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

Th17 cytokines and mucosal immunity.

Patricia J Dubin¹, Jay K Kolls

¹Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Immunological Reviews

|January 24, 2009

Summary

T-helper 17 (Th17) cells and their cytokines are crucial for mucosal immunity against pulmonary and gastrointestinal pathogens. This review explores their role in infection and potential immunotherapy applications.

Area of Science:

Immunology
Microbiology
Cell Biology

Background:

T-helper 17 (Th17) cells are CD4+ memory T cells producing cytokines like IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22.
While known for autoimmunity, Th17 cells are increasingly recognized for their role in mucosal immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the role of Th17 cells and cytokines in mucosal immunity.
To highlight their involvement in host defense against pulmonary and gastrointestinal pathogens.
To discuss potential applications in Th17-targeted immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on Th17 cells and mucosal immunity.
Analysis of evidence for Th17 involvement in pathogen response.
Synthesis of current understanding and future directions.

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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

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Th17 Inflammation Model of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in Immunodeficient Mice

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Main Results:

Th17 cells are central to host response against Gram-negative extracellular pulmonary pathogens.
Th17 cytokines play a key role in both primary infection and recall responses.
Evidence supports Th17 involvement in mucosal immunity to various pathogens.

Conclusions:

The Th17 lineage is critical for mucosal immunity against pulmonary and gastrointestinal pathogens.
Th17 cytokines are vital mediators of host defense.
Th17-targeted immunotherapy holds promise for infection treatment and prevention.