Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2026
12:42
Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
Published on: January 7, 2019
A measles outbreak in Croatia, 2008
B Kaic1, I Gjenero-Margan, S Kurecic-Filipovic
1Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia. bernard.kaic@hzjz.hr
Summary
A measles outbreak in Croatia, from April to June 2008, affected 49 individuals. Epidemiological investigations revealed a shared link connecting cases in Zagreb and Slavonski Brod.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Measles is a highly contagious viral illness.
- Outbreaks can occur due to waning immunity or unvaccinated populations.
- Timely reporting and investigation are crucial for control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report and analyze a measles outbreak in Croatia.
- To identify the epidemiological links between geographically separate cases.
- To understand the transmission dynamics of the outbreak.
Main Methods:
- Case ascertainment and symptom onset data collection.
- Epidemiological investigation to trace contacts and identify sources.
- Geographical mapping of reported cases.
Main Results:
- A total of 49 measles cases were reported between April and June 2008.
- Cases were identified in both Zagreb and Slavonski Brod.
- A common epidemiological link was established between the two regions.
Conclusions:
- The outbreak highlights the potential for measles transmission across geographically distinct areas.
- Effective epidemiological investigation is vital for controlling infectious disease outbreaks.
- Public health surveillance and vaccination programs remain critical for measles prevention.
Related Concept Videos
01:23Investigation of Disease Outbreaks
Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
01:28Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence
Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
01:27Cytomegalovirus Disease
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
01:20Chickenpox
Chickenpox is an acute, highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Its transmission occurs primarily through the inhalation of respiratory droplets or direct contact with vesicular fluid from skin lesions. The incubation period typically ranges from 10 to 21 days, during which the virus replicates and disseminates through sequential phases within the host. Although generally self-limiting in children,...
01:28Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
01:18Viral Meningitis
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...