Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Fetal Circulation

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Does maternal respiration modulate maternal-fetal cardiovascular coupling?

Computers in biology and medicine·2026

Same author

Non-invasive electrophysiological monitoring vs conventional monitoring during labour in a tertiary obstetric care centre in the Netherlands: study protocol of a cohort intervention random sampling study (NIEM-II study).

BMJ open·2025

Same author

Artificial intelligence in clinical decision support and the prediction of adverse events.

Frontiers in digital health·2025

Same author

Uterine contraction frequency after initiation of labour epidural analgesia using electrohysterography monitoring: a prospective pilot study.

International journal of obstetric anesthesia·2025

Same author

From intra- to extra-uterine: early phase design of a transfer to extra-uterine life support through medical simulation.

Frontiers in medical technology·2024

Same author

Unsupervised denoising of the non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram with sparse domain Kalman filtering and vectorcardiographic loop alignment.

Physiological measurement·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Human Fetal Blood Flow Quantification with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Motion Compensation

Human Fetal Blood Flow Quantification with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Motion Compensation

Published on: January 7, 2021

Fetal movement quantification by fetal vectorcardiography: a preliminary study.

R Vullings¹, C H L Peters, M Mischi

¹Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. r.vullings@tue.nl

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

|January 24, 2009

Summary

This study introduces a novel, non-invasive method using fetal vectorcardiograms (VCG) to monitor fetal movement. This technique offers a more specific and potentially safer alternative to ultrasound for assessing fetal health and neurological development.

More Related Videos

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound (30/45MHZ) System

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound (30/45MHZ) System

Published on: May 5, 2018

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Published on: June 29, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Human Fetal Blood Flow Quantification with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Motion Compensation

Human Fetal Blood Flow Quantification with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Motion Compensation

Published on: January 7, 2021

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound (30/45MHZ) System

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound (30/45MHZ) System

Published on: May 5, 2018

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Published on: June 29, 2013

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Fetal Medicine
Signal Processing

Background:

Fetal movement monitoring is crucial for assessing fetal neurological development and health.
Current methods like maternal self-assessment and ultrasound analysis have limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and safety.
Ultrasound transducers pose potential risks due to energy transmission into the fetal environment.

Purpose of the Study:

To present an alternative, non-invasive method for fetal movement monitoring.
To assess the feasibility and accuracy of using fetal vectorcardiograms (VCG) for this purpose.
To enable long-term, specific monitoring of fetal movement and rotation.

Main Methods:

Estimating and analyzing the fetal vectorcardiogram (VCG) from non-invasive maternal abdominal recordings.
Comparing fetal movement data derived from VCG with simultaneously acquired ultrasound images.
Quantifying fetal rotation angles using the analysis of rotation matrices between consecutive VCGs.

Main Results:

The VCG-based method demonstrated consistent results compared to ultrasound imaging.
The method successfully quantified fetal rotation angles.
This approach offers a potential tool for enhanced specificity in long-term fetal movement monitoring.

Conclusions:

Non-invasive fetal VCG analysis provides a viable alternative for fetal movement monitoring.
The method shows promise for improving the specificity and safety of long-term fetal health assessment.
Quantification of fetal rotation offers new insights into fetal neurological development.