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Related Concept Videos

Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation01:19

Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation

Assessing respiratory rate concurrently with pulse measurement is fundamental to patient care, providing valuable insights into the patient's respiratory function. The normal breathing rate for an adult usually falls within a normal range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Abnormal respiratory rates can signal underlying health conditions or the need for immediate intervention.
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is important. 
Factors Affecting Respiration01:24

Factors Affecting Respiration

Respiration is a crucial physiological function involving exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between an organism and its environment. Various factors can impact this essential process:
Pulse Oximetry01:24

Pulse Oximetry

Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm01:29

Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm

Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Community-based Stress Management Program: Using Wearable Devices to Assess Whole Body Physiological Responses in Non-laboratory Settings
10:45

A Community-based Stress Management Program: Using Wearable Devices to Assess Whole Body Physiological Responses in Non-laboratory Settings

Published on: January 22, 2018

Wireless On-Body-Network breathing rate and depth measurement during activity.

Joshua C T Khoo1, Ian T H Brown, Yoong P Lim

  • 1Monash University Centre for Biomedical Engineering (MUCBE), Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
|January 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a new method for accurately measuring breathing rate and depth in spinal cord injury patients during activity using a wireless on-body network. The system uses sensor fusion for precise respiratory monitoring.

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A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device
05:32

A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device

Published on: November 24, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Community-based Stress Management Program: Using Wearable Devices to Assess Whole Body Physiological Responses in Non-laboratory Settings
10:45

A Community-based Stress Management Program: Using Wearable Devices to Assess Whole Body Physiological Responses in Non-laboratory Settings

Published on: January 22, 2018

A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device
05:32

A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device

Published on: November 24, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Rehabilitation Technology
  • Wearable Sensors

Background:

  • Accurate respiratory monitoring is crucial for spinal cord injury (SCI) patients, especially during physical activity.
  • Existing methods for respiratory monitoring can be cumbersome or inaccurate during movement.
  • Wireless on-body networks offer a potential solution for continuous, unobtrusive monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for detecting and analyzing breathing rate and depth.
  • To assess the efficacy of this method in SCI patients during rest and physical activity.
  • To utilize a Bluetooth Wireless On-Body-Network (OBN) for real-time respiratory data acquisition.

Main Methods:

  • Employing conventional signal processing techniques for data analysis.
  • Utilizing sensor fusion with a Linear Kalman Filter to integrate data from multiple sensors.
  • Integrating signals from a piezoelectric breathing band and two tri-axis accelerometers within an OBN.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method demonstrated highly accurate measurements of breathing rate.
  • Approximate breathing depth was also measured with significant accuracy.
  • Accurate respiratory data was obtained both at rest and during various physical activities.

Conclusions:

  • The developed OBN-based method provides a reliable and accurate approach for respiratory monitoring in SCI patients.
  • This technology can significantly aid in the management and rehabilitation of individuals with spinal cord injuries.
  • The sensor fusion technique enhances the precision of breathing rate and depth detection during physical exertion.