Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns
Published on: September 16, 2019
Effect of different breathing patterns on nonlinearity of heart rate variability
Yong Fang1, Jin-Tao Sun, Cheng Li
1Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
Abstract:
We studied the effects of different respiratory patterns, namely, spontaneous breathing, paced breathing (at a rate of 10 breaths/min and at their mean spontaneous breathing frequency) and breath holding, on the nonlinear characteristics of heart rate variability (HRV). The results showed that paced breathing at both rates significantly diminished the nonlinearity of HRV detected by the Volterra-Wiener series method in comparison with spontaneous breathing, while breath holding increased it. These findings indicate spontaneous breathing rate is probably optimum to maintain cardiopulmonary coupling nonlinearly, and thus to minimize the influence on cardiovascular variabilities.
More Related Videos
08:12Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
Published on: June 5, 2019
08:08Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities
Published on: May 10, 2017
Related Concept Videos
Alterations in Respiration II
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I
Factors Influencing Heart Rate
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Factors Affecting Respiration
Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical level,...