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Related Concept Videos

Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring01:23

Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring

Holter monitoring is a continuous electrocardiography (ECG) recording that tracks the heart's electrical activity over an extended period, generally 24 to 48 hours. This noninvasive diagnostic tool detects irregular heart rhythms that may not be captured during a standard ECG performed in a clinical setting.DeviceThe Holter monitor is a portable, small device connected to several electrodes on the patient's chest. These electrodes detect the heart's electrical signals and transmit them to the...
Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage. When...
Instrumentation Amplifier01:25

Instrumentation Amplifier

An electrocardiography (ECG) machine is an essential piece of medical equipment used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart. It operates by detecting small electrical changes on the skin that result from the depolarization of the heart muscle during each heartbeat. However, these signals are in the microvolt range and can be easily overwhelmed by noise or interference.
To overcome this challenge, an ECG machine utilizes an instrumentation amplifier. This specialized amplifier is...
Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
18:11

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

Published on: December 28, 2012

A real-time ECG data compression algorithm for a digital holter system.

Sangjoon Lee1, Myoungho Lee

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea. sj.lee@yonsei.ac.kr

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
|January 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel real-time electrocardiogram (ECG) compression algorithm for digital holter systems was developed. This algorithm achieves significant data reduction for efficient storage and transmission, crucial for modern medical devices.

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Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task
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A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
18:11

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

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Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task
07:08

Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task

Published on: December 5, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Medical Informatics

Background:

  • Digital holter systems require efficient data compression for long-term ECG monitoring.
  • Existing ECG compression methods may not meet the demands of real-time processing and high compression ratios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a real-time ECG compression algorithm for digital holter systems.
  • To assess the compression performance using standard ECG databases and metrics.

Main Methods:

  • The algorithm involves signal differentiation, data segmentation and storage, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), window filtering, and Huffman Coding.
  • ECG signals from the MIT-BIH database were used for testing.

Main Results:

  • The algorithm achieved an average Compression Ratio (CR) of 8.82:1.
  • An average Percent RMS Difference (PRD) of 1.82 was recorded, indicating high fidelity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed real-time ECG compression algorithm demonstrates high performance for digital holter systems.
  • The algorithm offers a viable solution for efficient ECG data management in ambulatory monitoring.