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Microphase separation structure influences protein interactions with poly(urethane urea) surfaces.

Li-Chong Xu1, Christopher A Siedlecki

  • 1Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.

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Understanding microphase separation in polyurethane urea (PUU) biomaterials is key for medical implants. Hydration affects PUU surface structure, influencing protein interactions and reducing adhesion, particularly at polar hard domains.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Microphase separation is a critical feature of polyurethane copolymer biomaterials.
  • Understanding how microphase structure impacts protein interactions is vital for developing new implantable biomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To visualize the phase separation structure in hydrated poly(urethane urea) (PUU) using atomic force microscopy (AFM).
  • To correlate the microphase structure with molecular-level protein interactions on the PUU surface.

Main Methods:

  • In situ AFM phase imaging to observe dynamic changes in PUU microstructure.
  • AFM force measurements with protein-modified probes to quantify adhesion forces.
  • Nanogold-labeled protein conjugates to visualize protein adsorption sites.

Main Results:

  • Hydration causes dynamic rearrangement and surface enrichment of hard domains in PUU.
  • PUU surface adhesion to proteins decreases with hydration time.
  • Low adhesion forces correlate with polar hard domain regions, while proteins preferentially adsorb to hydrophobic soft segments.

Conclusions:

  • The microphase separation structure of PUU biomaterials dynamically influences surface properties upon hydration.
  • These microstructural variations create distinct local surface environments that govern protein interactions, impacting biomaterial performance in vivo.