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Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
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Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World
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Published on: April 7, 2020

Circadian polymorphisms associated with affective disorders.

Daniel F Kripke1, Caroline M Nievergelt, Ej Joo

  • 1Department of Psychiatry 0939, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0939, USA. DKripke@ucsd.edu.

Journal of Circadian Rhythms
|January 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Genetic variations in circadian rhythm genes may influence mood disorders like bipolar disorder and depression. Further research is needed to confirm the link between circadian gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to affective disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Circadian system dysfunction is implicated in mood disorders, evidenced by clinical symptoms and responses to light therapy.
  • Genetic factors significantly contribute to affective disorders, prompting investigation into circadian gene associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the association between circadian gene polymorphisms and affective disorders.
  • To investigate the role of circadian rhythm genes in the susceptibility to mood disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of polymorphisms in circadian function genes using the SNPlex assay system across four distinct participant groups.
  • Analysis of associations using TDT statistics for family-based comparisons and quantitative trait associations in unrelated samples.

Main Results:

  • Significant association found between NR1D1 rs2314339 and bipolar disorder (P = 0.0005).
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PER3 and CSNK1E associated with the morningness-eveningness score in bipolar participants.
  • PPARGC1B rs7732671 and TEF rs738499 showed associations with affective disorders and depression symptoms, with some replication.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian gene network perturbations may influence mood disorders, potentially via MAOA regulation and dopamine transmission.
  • While some associations were observed, many did not meet stringent significance, indicating potential false discoveries.
  • Further studies are required to definitively establish the contribution of circadian gene polymorphisms to affective disorder susceptibility.