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Detecting HIV associated neurocognitive disorders in adolescents: what is the best screening tool?
Maureen E Lyon1, Robert McCarter1, Lawrence J D'Angelo1
1Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's National Medical Center and Children's Research Institute, Washington, DC.
Purpose:
To examine the ability of the HIV-Dementia Scale (HDS) and Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) to detect encephalopathy in adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Method:
The study was based on chart review (N = 71) from 1999 to 2006, extracting data from psychological testing, disease classification, and demographic variables. HDS and MMSE scores were independent. Diagnosis of encephalopathy used American Academy of Neurology Criteria. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves were plotted.
Results:
Six patients had encephalopathy. The HDS identified five of these cases (83% sensitivity, 76% specificity). The MMSE identified three cases (50% sensitivity, 92% specificity).
Conclusion:
Based on the study results, the HDS appears to be clinically useful.
