[Mycotic aneurysm and renal transplant. A case report]

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Transplant Surgery
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Renal transplantation is a life-saving procedure, but susceptible to complications.
• Fungal infections, particularly Candida, pose a significant risk post-transplant.
• Arterial aneurysms are a rare but severe complication following renal transplant.

Observation:

• A 58-year-old patient developed a Candida-induced arterial aneurysm three weeks after a third renal transplant.
• Candida albicans was identified in the preservation solution used for the transplanted kidney.
• Bacteriologic cultures from the patient were positive for Candida.

Findings:

• The arterial aneurysm was directly linked to a Candida infection.
• Treatment necessitated transplant nephrectomy, aneurysm excision, and iliac bypass with a homograft.
• Positive Candida cultures from preservation solutions mandate prompt antifungal treatment.

Implications:

• Early detection and management of Candida infections are crucial in renal transplant recipients.
• Arterial aneurysms secondary to fungal infections require aggressive surgical intervention.
• Transplant nephrectomy is often necessary in cases of severe fungal-related vascular complications.