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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
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Prenatal microcephaly: can we be more accurate?

Itai Berger1

  • 1Neuro-Fetal Clinic, Neuro-Pediatric Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. itberg@hadassah.org.il

Journal of Child Neurology
|January 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Fetal microcephaly diagnosis is challenging due to ethnicity. This study found that head circumference measurements varied significantly, suggesting a need for ethnicity-adjusted national charts.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatology
  • Medical Genetics
  • Fetal Imaging

Background:

  • Isolated fetal microcephaly presents diagnostic challenges, particularly in diverse populations.
  • Ethnicity is a known factor influencing fetal head circumference (HC).
  • Accurate fetal HC assessment is crucial for diagnosing microcephaly.

Observation:

  • Four cases of isolated fetal microcephaly were evaluated in a neuro-fetal clinic.
  • Fetuses had normal chromosomes, no structural anomalies, and no signs of infection or intoxication.
  • Serial ultrasounds and fetal MRI revealed head circumferences 2-3 standard deviations below average.

Findings:

  • Significant discrepancies in HC measurements were observed between different healthcare professionals using various charts.

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  • Postnatal or post-termination HC measurements in all cases fell within normal limits.
  • This highlights potential inaccuracies in current fetal growth charts.

    • Implications:

    • Development of national fetal growth charts adjusted for ethnicity is recommended.
    • Charts should be based on genetically diverse populations to improve accuracy.
    • Standardization and customization of charts for prenatal and postnatal assessments are necessary.