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A case of Crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever with pleural effusion

Gonul Tanir1, Nilden Tuygun, Ismail Balaban

  • 1Dr. Sami Ulus Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey. gonultanir58@yahoo.com

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
|January 27, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), a tick-borne virus, can cause severe bleeding. This case study details a 9-year-old boy

Area of Science:

  • Medical Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Tick-Borne Illnesses

Background:

  • Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe tick-borne viral zoonosis with significant geographic spread across Asia, Europe, and Africa.
  • Hemorrhagic manifestations are a hallmark of advanced CCHF, associated with case fatality rates ranging from 3% to 50%.

Observation:

  • A 9-year-old boy presented with CCHF complicated by hemorrhagic pleural effusion.
  • The patient's condition resolved without the need for invasive chest tube drainage.

Findings:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed the CCHF diagnosis.
  • Elevated CCHF-specific IgM antibodies were detected in both serum (1:1,600) and pleural fluid (1:6,400).

Implications:

  • This case highlights a less common but severe presentation of CCHF in pediatric patients.
  • Successful non-invasive management of hemorrhagic pleural effusion in CCHF is possible.
  • Early diagnosis and monitoring of CCHF IgM titers are crucial for patient outcomes.

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