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Related Concept Videos

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
SNAREs and Membrane Fusion01:43

SNAREs and Membrane Fusion

Once a transport vesicle has recognized its target organelle, the vesicular membrane needs to fuse with the target membrane to unload the cargo. Transmembrane proteins called SNAREs present on organelle membranes and their vesicles, mediate vesicle fusion.
SNAREs exist in pairs that symmetrically interact and catalyze the fusion of the lipid bilayers in vesicle and target organelle. v-SNARE in the vesicle membrane are single polypeptide chains that bind to a complementary t-SNARE, composed of 2...
Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels01:09

Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels

In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an α-helix or β-strand structure. α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins are ubiquitous, whereas β-strand containing ones are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as G-protein-linked receptors (GPCRs) and...
Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich with the analogy of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
12:18

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

Published on: August 3, 2021

Molecular recognition of bilayer vesicles.

Jens Voskuhl1, Bart Jan Ravoo

  • 1Organic Chemistry Institute and CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.

Chemical Society Reviews
|January 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Synthetic amphiphiles form vesicles, mimicking biological membranes. Molecular recognition at vesicle surfaces drives interactions, advancing our understanding of biomimetic supramolecular chemistry and membrane processes.

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Biomembrane Fabrication by the Solvent-assisted Lipid Bilayer (SALB) Method

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Biomimetic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Vesicles, formed by phospholipids or synthetic amphiphiles, create enclosed aqueous compartments.
  • Vesicle surface interactions mimic biological membrane processes like cell recognition and adhesion.
  • Multivalent interactions are key in molecular recognition at biological membranes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamentals and recent advancements in biomimetic supramolecular chemistry of bilayer vesicles.
  • To elucidate the role of molecular recognition in mediating vesicle-vesicle interactions.
  • To highlight how vesicle-based supramolecular chemistry enhances understanding of biological membranes.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of non-covalent interactions (receptor-ligand, host-guest) at vesicle surfaces.
  • Analysis of multivalent binding strategies in supramolecular chemistry.
  • Review of synthetic amphiphile self-assembly into bilayer vesicles.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration that molecular recognition drives vesicle interactions.
  • Illustration of synthetic vesicles as models for biological membrane functions.
  • Highlighting the versatility of amphiphiles in creating functional vesicle systems.

Conclusions:

  • Biomimetic supramolecular chemistry of vesicles provides insights into biological membrane behavior.
  • Synthetic vesicles serve as valuable platforms for studying molecular recognition.
  • Understanding vesicle interactions advances fields from drug delivery to artificial cell design.