[Lichen planus leading to bilateral cicatrizing keratoconjunctivitis: case report]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Dermatology
• Immunology

Background:

• Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory condition that can affect mucocutaneous tissues.
• Cicatrizing keratoconjunctivitis is a severe form of ocular surface disease characterized by conjunctival scarring.
• Bilateral involvement suggests a systemic or autoimmune etiology.

Observation:

• The patient presented with bilateral conjunctival cicatrization and symblepharon formation.
• Ocular surface manifestations included severe dry eye, corneal infiltration, neovascularization, and thinning.
• Clinical examination revealed characteristic signs of cicatricial keratoconjunctivitis.

Findings:

• Diagnosis was confirmed by clinical findings and biopsy, excluding other causes.
• The case highlights the ocular manifestations of lichen planus.
• Histopathology supported the diagnosis of cicatrizing keratoconjunctivitis.

Implications:

• Early recognition and management of ocular lichen planus are crucial to prevent vision loss.
• Understanding the link between lichen planus and cicatrizing keratoconjunctivitis aids in diagnosis.
• This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing complex ocular surface diseases.