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Updated: Jun 26, 2026
Intrastriatal Injection of Autologous Blood or Clostridial Collagenase as Murine Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Published on: July 3, 2014
Protective effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on intracerebral hemorrhage in rat
Lei Zhang1, Xi-Ji Shu, Hong-Yan Zhou
1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease, Pathophysiology Department, Tongji Medical College, Hua-Zhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a member of the cytokine family of growth factors that can protect the neurons from focal cerebral ischemia-induced injuries. The intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been widely observed in the clinic; however, the protective effect of G-CSF on ICH is still elusive. We found in the present study that the intraperitoneal injection of G-CSF for 5 days could improve the ICH-induced neuronal behavioral impairment measured by limb placement assay. We also observed that injection of G-CSF could increase the number of stem cells in the specific zone of the hemorrhagic areas, demonstrated by the enhanced expression of nestin. Additionally, G-CSF could also promote the mobilization of circulating hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to the damaged brain areas and activate the astrocytes. Our results reveal that G-CSF is also protective for the ICH with the mechanisms involving proliferation of neural stem cells, the migration of HSCs and the activation of astrocytes.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a member of the cytokine family of growth factors that can protect the neurons from focal cerebral ischemia-induced injuries. The intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been widely observed in the clinic; however, the protective effect of G-CSF on ICH is still elusive. We found in the present study that the intraperitoneal injection of G-CSF for 5 days could improve the ICH-induced neuronal behavioral impairment measured by limb placement assay. We also observed that injection of G-CSF could increase the number of stem cells in the specific zone of the hemorrhagic areas, demonstrated by the enhanced expression of nestin. Additionally, G-CSF could also promote the mobilization of circulating hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to the damaged brain areas and activate the astrocytes. Our results reveal that G-CSF is also protective for the ICH with the mechanisms involving proliferation of neural stem cells, the migration of HSCs and the activation of astrocytes.
