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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation, but...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology01:18

Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology

Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial and alveolar spaces of the lungs, impairing gas exchange and oxygen delivery. It may be cardiogenic or noncardiogenic, but both reduce oxygenation and lung compliance.Cardiogenic Pulmonary EdemaCardiogenic edema results from increased hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary capillaries, usually due to left ventricular dysfunction from myocardial infarction, heart failure, or valvular disease. Ineffective cardiac pumping causes blood to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Isolation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells by Multi-parameter Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
07:36

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Published on: May 1, 2015

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis.

Zuo-Yuan Xiao1, Yu Tao, Xin-Yi Tang

  • 1Department of General Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. xiaozy2@126.com

World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP
|January 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis (CPL) is a rare condition causing severe respiratory issues in newborns. This case highlights the rapid, fatal progression of CPL, emphasizing the need for accurate diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pathology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis (CPL) is a rare congenital anomaly involving dilated pulmonary lymphatic vessels.
  • Neonatal CPL often presents with severe respiratory compromise and high mortality rates.

Observation:

  • A male infant presented with cyanosis and cardiac arrest shortly after birth.
  • Symptoms persisted despite artificial ventilation, leading to death from hypoxemic cardiac failure within an hour.

Findings:

  • Autopsy revealed dilated lymphatic vessels in the lungs.
  • Diagnoses included CPL, atelectasis, amniotic fluid inhalation, hepatic cell degeneration, and scrotal edema.

Implications:

  • Accurate differentiation of CPL from other neonatal respiratory conditions is crucial for prognosis.
  • This case underscores the critical nature and poor outcomes associated with severe neonatal CPL.