Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Emerging directions in tauopathy research.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same author

Overnight sleep features and next-morning brain metabolism in older adults.

Sleep medicine·2026

Same author

Greater hypoxic burden predicts weaker coordination between brain pulsation and CSF flow on 7T MRI independent of non-hypoxic arousals: Implications for glymphatic activity.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

"Hypoxic burden" is a concept, not a single variable.

Sleep·2026

Same author

Obstructive sleep apnea severity, Alzheimer's disease plasma markers, and CSF brain amyloidosis and tau pathology.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same author

White matter microstructure differences in obstructive sleep apnea severity groups assessed by diffusion tensor metrics and biophysical modeling.

Scientific reports·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

White matter hemodynamic abnormalities precede sub-cortical gray matter changes in multiple sclerosis.

Andrew W Varga¹, Glyn Johnson, James S Babb

¹Department of Radiology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

|February 3, 2009

Summary

Cerebral blood flow decreases in normal-appearing white matter of patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and early relapsing-remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS). These perfusion changes suggest an early stage of the disease impacting brain tissue.

More Related Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neurology
Medical Science

Background:

Hypoperfusion is observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and normal-appearing brain tissue using perfusion MRI.
Early hemodynamic changes in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and early relapsing-remitting (RR) MS are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess hemodynamic changes in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and subcortical gray matter (NAGM) in CIS patients.
To compare these changes with healthy controls and early RR-MS patients.

Main Methods:

Dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced (DSC) T2*-weighted MRI was used.
Absolute cerebral blood flow (CBF), blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT) were measured.
Participants included 12 CIS patients, 12 early RR-MS patients, and 12 healthy controls.

Main Results:

CBF was significantly decreased in the periventricular NAWM of CIS patients compared to controls.
RR-MS patients showed significantly decreased CBF in periventricular NAWM and putamen compared to controls.
RR-MS patients exhibited a significant CBF decrease in the putamen compared to CIS patients.

Conclusions:

Decreased CBF in NAWM of CIS and RR-MS patients indicates early disease-related perfusion changes.
CBF reduction in subcortical NAGM of RR-MS patients suggests disease progression.
These findings suggest a continuum of perfusion decrease from white to gray matter as MS progresses.