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Speech assessment in cleft palate patients: a descriptive study.
R Rullo1, D Di Maggio, V M Festa
1Department of Odontostomatological, Orthodontical and Surgical Sciences, Dental Clinic, Second University of Naples, Italy.
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|February 3, 2009
Summary
Speech disorder in cleft palate children is linked to social background and self-control. Early speech therapy and parental involvement are crucial for better phonetic development.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial anomalies
- Speech-language pathology
- Pediatric audiology
Background:
- Cleft palate speech disorders impact intelligibility, social competence, and emotional development.
- Surgical interventions are standard, but phono-articulatory outcomes vary.
- Understanding factors influencing speech development is critical for intervention planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine phono-articulatory defects in surgically treated cleft palate patients.
- To correlate speech outcomes with familial social background.
- To assess the influence of self-control abilities on spontaneous language in these children.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 68 non-syndromic isolated cleft palate children (mean age 6.87 years) was studied.
- Speech assessment included intelligibility, nasality, nasal air escape, pharyngeal friction, and glottal stop using a 0-3 scale.
- Spearman rank order correlation analyzed associations between speech parameters, social background, and self-control.
Main Results:
- 5.88% exhibited severe/moderate nasality, nasal air escape, pharyngeal friction, glottal stop, and compromised intelligibility.
- 38.23% had mild nasality/nasal air escape with normal intelligibility.
- 55.88% demonstrated normal speech. Positive correlations found between nasality/nasal air escape and social background (p≤0.05), and between intelligibility and social background (p≤0.05).
Conclusions:
- Phonetic and phonological development in cleft palate children are influenced by surgical techniques, surgeon experience, and patient/parental collaboration.
- Timely speech therapy (logopaedic intervention) is essential.
- Inborn abilities for air emission control play a significant role in speech outcomes.
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