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The maze task: measuring forced incremental sentence processing time.

Kenneth I Forster1, Christine Guerrera2, Lisa Elliot2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ. kforster@u.arizona.edu.

Behavior Research Methods
|February 3, 2009
PubMed
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The maze task, an online sentence processing measure, effectively detects syntactic complexity and garden path effects. This method offers a sensitive alternative to traditional self-paced reading, enhancing sentence comprehension research.

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Traditional self-paced reading (SPR) measures sentence processing time.
  • The moving window technique in SPR presents words sequentially.
  • Limitations exist in SPR's sensitivity to certain processing complexities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the maze task as an online measure of sentence processing.
  • To determine if the maze task is sensitive to syntactic complexity and garden path effects.
  • To compare the maze task's sensitivity with eyetracking and traditional SPR.

Main Methods:

  • Participants processed sentences in a maze task, choosing grammatical continuations between pairs of words.
  • This forced incremental processing, integrating each word with prior context.

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  • Four experiments investigated syntactic complexity (subject vs. object relatives) and garden path effects.

    • Main Results:

    • The maze task reliably detected differences in processing time for subject and object relative clauses.
    • It generated garden path effects comparable to eyetracking data, but without spillover.
    • The task demonstrated sensitivity to word frequency effects, yielding larger estimates than eyetracking.

    Conclusions:

    • The maze task is a sensitive and effective online measure for sentence processing.
    • It captures syntactic complexity and garden path effects comparable to established methods.
    • This technique offers a valuable alternative for studying sentence comprehension and linguistic processing.