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Nickel allergy as risk factor for hand eczema: a population-based study
A Josefson1, G Färm, A Magnuson
1Department of Dermatology, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden. anna.josefson@orebroll.se
The British Journal of Dermatology
|February 3, 2009
Summary
Nickel allergy doubles hand eczema risk in women without childhood eczema history. However, childhood eczema is the primary risk factor for hand eczema overall.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Allergology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Previous studies reported high hand eczema prevalence in nickel-allergic individuals.
- A prior Swedish study found no long-term association between nickel allergy and hand eczema.
Purpose of the Study:
- To further investigate the relationship between nickel allergy and hand eczema.
- To identify specific risk factors for hand eczema in adult women.
Main Methods:
- Patch testing and clinical examination of 369 women aged 30-40.
- Analysis of hand eczema prevalence in relation to nickel allergy and childhood eczema history.
Main Results:
- 30.1% of participants tested positive for nickel allergy.
- Nickel allergy did not significantly increase overall hand eczema risk (PPR 1.03).
- Childhood eczema history significantly increased hand eczema risk (PPR 3.68).
Conclusions:
- Nickel-positive women without a history of childhood eczema had a doubled risk of hand eczema.
- Childhood eczema was identified as the most significant risk factor for hand eczema.
- The association between nickel allergy and hand eczema may have been overestimated in prior self-reported studies.
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