Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts
Published on: April 9, 2016
Characterization of floc size, strength and structure in various aluminum coagulants treatment
Yan Wang1, Bao-Yu Gao, Xiu-Ming Xu
1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
Abstract:
Flocs generated in various aluminum coagulants treatment exhibit difference in size, strength and structure. The formation, breakage and re-formation of flocs were investigated by using a laser diffraction instrument (Malvern Mastersizer 2000, Malvern, UK). Different Al coagulants--conventional Al salt (AlCl(3)), polyaluminum chloride (PAC-1) and the purified polyaluminum chloride (PAC-2)--were investigated for the coagulation of humic acid (HA). The results showed the properties of HA flocs depend on which species of aluminum used. The monomeric and dimeric aluminum species (denoted as Al(mono)) formed the largest and strongest HA flocs with longest growth time. The HA flocs formed by Al(13)O(4)(OH)(24)(7+) (Al(13) for short) is the smallest and weakest. The properties of HA flocs made it possible to investigate the relationship between the flocs growth process and aluminum species.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Coagulation
Colloidal precipitates
Factors Affecting Solubility
Precipitation Processes
Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...
Precipitation and Co-precipitation

