Obstructive complications of lichen sclerosus
Matthew S Christman1, Jamesina T Chen, Nicholas M Holmes
1Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA 92134, USA. matthew.christman@med.navy.mil
Lichen sclerosus (LS) in young males can cause severe urinary obstruction and acute renal failure. Early diagnosis of phimosis is crucial for timely treatment and preventing kidney damage.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Dermatology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Lichen sclerosus (LS) commonly presents as phimosis in young males.
- Complete urinary obstruction is a rare but serious complication of LS in this demographic.
- Acute renal failure secondary to LS-induced urethral obstruction has been reported.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of acute renal failure in a boy due to LS-induced urethral obstruction.
- To review the literature on LS-associated obstructive uropathy and renal failure.
Main Methods:
- Literature review using MEDLINE and EMBASE.
- Characterization of the association between LS and obstructive urinary tract complications.
Main Results:
- LS incidence in boys with phimosis ranges from 10% to 95%.
- The review identified 14 cases of complicated urinary obstruction (7 in children) and 2 cases of renal failure due to LS (both in boys).
Conclusions:
- New-onset phimosis in school-aged boys warrants suspicion for LS.
- Prompt medical and/or surgical treatment of LS leads to successful outcomes.
- Delayed diagnosis of LS can result in significant morbidity, including renal failure.
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