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Hedgehog ringworm in humans and a dog.

C Piérard-Franchimont¹, J F Hermanns, C Collette

¹Department of Dermatopathology, University Hospital of Liège, Belgium.

Acta Clinica Belgica

|February 4, 2009

Summary

Three human and one dog dermatophytosis cases were likely caused by contact with a European hedgehog. Trichophyton erinacei, a rare zoophilic fungus, was identified, highlighting a potential public health concern.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Mycology
Human Dermatology
Zoonotic Diseases

Background:

Dermatophytosis, a fungal infection of the skin, hair, and nails, can be caused by various species of fungi.
Zoophilic dermatophytosis refers to infections transmitted from animals to humans.
European hedgehogs are known reservoirs for certain dermatophytes, including Trichophyton erinacei.

Observation:

Three human cases and one canine case of dermatophytosis were observed.
All cases were potentially linked to contact with a European hedgehog.
Clinical signs suggestive of dermatophytosis were present in all affected individuals and the dog.

Findings:

Trichophyton erinacei was successfully isolated from stratum corneum samples of the affected humans and dog.
This specific dermatophyte species is rarely reported in Belgium, suggesting a localized or emerging outbreak.
The findings confirm the transmission of Trichophyton erinacei from European hedgehogs to domestic animals and humans.

Implications:

This case series highlights the potential for zoonotic transmission of dermatophytosis from European hedgehogs, even in regions where it is considered rare.
Veterinarians and clinicians should consider European hedgehogs as a potential source of Trichophyton erinacei infection in both animals and humans.
Public health awareness and diagnostic vigilance are crucial for early detection and management of this rare zoophilic dermatophytosis.