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Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings

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Analyzing a supported beam under unsymmetrical loadings is essential in structural engineering to understand how beams respond to varied force distributions. This analysis involves calculating the deflection and identifying points where the slope of the beam is zero, which are crucial for ensuring structural stability and functionality.
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To understand shear on the flat side of a prismatic beam element, consider the vertical and horizontal shearing forces, and the normal forces, acting on the element. The element's upper (U) and lower (L) sections, which are divided by the beam's neutral axis, are examined. The equilibrium of these forces is determined by applying the equilibrium equation, which helps identify the horizontal shearing force. This force is directly related to the bending moments and the cross-section's first...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Published on: April 1, 2020

Acceptance angle effects on the beam attenuation in the ocean.

Emmanuel Boss¹, Wayne H Slade, M Behrenfeld

¹School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04401, USA. emmanuel.boss@maine.edu

|February 4, 2009

Summary

Instrument acceptance angle significantly impacts beam attenuation measurements in aquatic environments. Smaller angles yield higher values due to scattered light, affecting particulate matter assessments.

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Area of Science:

Oceanography
Environmental Science
Optical Physics

Background:

Beam attenuation is a crucial parameter for estimating particulate matter and visibility in aquatic environments.
Transmissometer measurements of beam attenuation are known to be influenced by the instrument's acceptance angle.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how different transmissometer acceptance angles affect beam attenuation measurements.
To evaluate the impact of deployment strategies and sites on these measurements.

Main Methods:

Comparison of eight transmissometers with four distinct acceptance angles.
Utilized four different deployment strategies across various sites.
Analyzed variability in beam attenuation ratios against particle size parameters.

Main Results:

Mean beam attenuation values differed significantly and consistently with instrument acceptance angle; smaller angles recorded higher values.
Differences in measured attenuation are attributed to variations in collected scattered light, which are not constant or easily parameterized.
Variability in attenuation ratios showed a weak and sometimes inverse correlation with particle size, contrary to Mie theory expectations.

Conclusions:

Transmissometer acceptance angle is a critical factor influencing beam attenuation data.
Careful consideration of acceptance angle is essential when comparing beam transmission data from different instruments, especially for particulate matter and visibility studies.