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Care dependency of hospitalized children: testing the Care Dependency Scale for Paediatrics in a cross-cultural
Hanan Tork1, Theo Dassen, Christa Lohrmann
1Department of Nursing Science, Centre for Humanities and Health Sciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. hotork@zu.edu.eg
Insights
The Care Dependency Scale for Paediatrics is a reliable tool for assessing children's care needs across cultures. This study found significant differences in care dependency between German and Egyptian school-aged children, possibly due to cultural factors.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric nursing research
- Cross-cultural psychology
- Psychometric evaluation
Background:
- Limited research exists on cross-cultural differences in children's care dependency.
- Previous studies documented cultural variations in care dependency among older adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Care Dependency Scale for Paediatrics (CDSP) in Germany and Egypt.
- To compare the care dependency levels of school-aged children in these two countries.
Main Methods:
- Assessed reliability (internal consistency, interrater) and validity (construct, criterion-related) of the CDSP in Arabic and German versions.
- Used factor analysis (principal component analysis) and a Visual Analogue Scale with 258 children.
Main Results:
- The CDSP demonstrated good internal consistency and criterion-related validity in both language versions.
- Factor analysis confirmed a single-factor structure for both Arabic and German CDSP.
- Significant differences in mean care dependency scores were observed between German and Egyptian children.
Conclusions:
- The Care Dependency Scale for Paediatrics is a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing child care dependency.
- The scale is recommended for use with children from diverse ethnic backgrounds.
- Cultural differences may explain the observed variations in care dependency between German and Egyptian children.
Aim:
This paper is a report of a study to examine the psychometric properties of the Care Dependency Scale for Paediatrics in Germany and Egypt and to compare the care dependency of school-age children in both countries.
Background:
Cross-cultural differences in care dependency of older adults have been documented in the literature, but little is known about the differences and similarities with regard to children's care dependency in different cultures.
Method:
A convenience sample of 258 school-aged children from Germany and Egypt participated in the study in 2005. The reliability of the Care Dependency Scale for Paediatrics was assessed in terms of internal consistency and interrater reliability. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) was employed to verify the construct validity. A Visual Analogue Scale was used to investigate the criterion-related validity.
Findings:
Good internal consistency was detected both for the Arabic and German versions. Factor analysis revealed one factor for both versions. A Pearson's correlation between the Care Dependency Scale for Paediatrics and Visual Analogue Scale was statistically significant for both versions indicating criterion-related validity. Statistically significant differences between the participants were detected regarding the mean sum score on the Care Dependency Scale for Paediatrics.
Conclusion:
The Care Dependency Scale for Paediatrics is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the care dependency of children and is recommended for assessing the care dependency of children from different ethnic origins. Differences in care dependency between German and Egyptian children were detected, which might be due to cultural differences.
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