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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Test of Independence01:21

Introduction to Test of Independence

In statistics, the term independence means that one can directly obtain the probability of any event involving both variables by multiplying their individual probabilities. Tests of independence are chi-square tests involving the use of a contingency table of observed (data) values.
The test statistic for a test of independence is similar to that of a goodness-of-fit test:

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Construct validity of the Iowa Gambling Task.

Melissa T Buelow1, Julie A Suhr

  • 1Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA. mb194503@ohio.edu

Neuropsychology Review
|February 6, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) effectively detects decision-making deficits in clinical populations. However, its precise measurement and reliability require further investigation for clinical use.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Clinical Assessment

Background:

  • The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) assesses real-world decision-making in laboratory settings.
  • Originally developed for orbitofrontal cortex damage, it's applied to diverse clinical groups like substance abusers and schizophrenics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine the construct validity of the IGT.
  • To evaluate its utility in assessing decision-making deficits across various clinical populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of lesion studies.
  • Analysis of functional neuroimaging, developmental, and clinical studies.
  • Examination of evidence supporting IGT's application in clinical settings.

Main Results:

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  • The preponderance of evidence supports using the IGT to detect decision-making deficits.
  • IGT is valuable within a comprehensive evaluation context.
  • Evidence supports IGT's application in substance abuse, schizophrenia, and pathological gambling populations.

Conclusions:

  • The IGT is a valuable tool for identifying decision-making deficits in clinical populations.
  • Critical issues affecting IGT validity include definitional clarity, reliability data, and the influence of personality and mood.
  • Further research is needed to address these issues for robust clinical application.