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The effect of age on outcomes in patients undergoing treatment for renal stones

Chi-Fai Ng1

  • 1Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. ngcf@surgery.cuhk.edu.hk

Current Opinion in Urology
|February 7, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Age significantly impacts urolithiasis treatment outcomes. While percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopy show similar results in children and the elderly, shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) requires more caution in pediatric patients and may be less effective in older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Geriatric Nephrology

Background:

  • Standard urolithiasis management guidelines may not be suitable for pediatric and elderly populations.
  • Age-related factors can influence treatment efficacy and complication rates in stone disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on how age affects treatment outcomes and complications in various urolithiasis treatment modalities.
  • To compare the efficacy and safety of different stone removal procedures across different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent literature on urolithiasis treatment in children and the elderly.
  • Analysis of treatment outcomes and complication rates for shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and ureteroscopy (URS).

Main Results:

  • Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) effectiveness is potentially reduced in elderly patients with renal stones.
  • SWL appears well-tolerated in pediatric patients, but requires increased precautions.
  • Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and ureteroscopy (URS) demonstrate comparable outcomes and safety in pediatric and elderly patients to those in the adult population.

Conclusions:

  • Age is a significant factor influencing treatment outcomes for urinary stones.
  • Advances in endoscopic techniques (PCNL, URS) offer similar efficacy and safety for pediatric and elderly patients as for adults.
  • Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) necessitates careful consideration and may yield less favorable results in elderly patients compared to other modalities.
Abstract

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