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Ocular findings in patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever

Aynur Engin1, Haydar Erdogan, Ayse Vural Ozec

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey. aynurum2000@yahoo.com

American Journal of Ophthalmology
|February 7, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) can cause mild ocular manifestations, primarily subconjunctival and retinal hemorrhages. These findings, though common in CCHF patients, do not typically impair vision and resolve within a month.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral illness with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Ocular manifestations of CCHF are not well-documented, necessitating further research into its clinical impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the spectrum of ocular findings in patients diagnosed with CCHF.
  • To correlate ocular findings with disease severity and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, interventional case series involving 19 confirmed CCHF patients hospitalized between July and August 2007.
  • Ocular examinations were performed during hospitalization, with follow-up at one month.
  • Patients were categorized by disease severity using Swanepoel predictive criteria.

Main Results:

  • Ocular findings were observed in 73.7% of patients, with no reported visual complaints.
  • The most common findings included subconjunctival hemorrhage (36.8%) and retinal hemorrhage (10.5%), with some patients exhibiting both.
  • Complete resolution of hemorrhages was noted within one month; a significant association was found between ocular findings and prothrombin time (P = .011).

Conclusions:

  • CCHF is associated with mild ocular disease, characterized by superficial hemorrhages.
  • The presence of subconjunctival or retinal hemorrhages alongside fever in endemic regions should prompt consideration of CCHF.
  • Ocular findings in CCHF patients appear to be transient and do not lead to lasting visual impairment.
Abstract

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