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Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
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Do older drivers at-risk for crashes modify their driving over time?

Lesley A Ross1, Olivio J Clay, Jerri D Edwards

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA. LesleyARoss@gmail.com

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
|February 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Older drivers at high risk for crashes limit their driving over time. However, this self-regulation is insufficient to prevent an increased likelihood of future at-fault crashes, indicating a need for other interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Traffic Safety
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Driving cessation and restriction are common among older adults.
  • Identifying older drivers at high risk for crashes is crucial for safety interventions.
  • Compensatory strategies like driving restriction may not fully mitigate crash risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine driving habit trajectories in older adults at risk for crashes.
  • To determine if self-regulation of driving mitigates crash risk in this population.
  • To assess the effectiveness of Useful Field of View (UFOV) as a predictor of crash risk.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 645 older adults at risk for crashes.
  • Utilized performance measures: Useful Field of View (UFOV), Motor-Free Visual Perception Test, Rapid Walk, and Foot Tap.
  • Employed longitudinal random-effects models and self-report measures (Driving Habits Questionnaire).

Main Results:

  • Drivers at risk for crashes, identified by UFOV, restricted their driving more than lower-risk drivers.
  • This driving restriction was evident at baseline and persisted over the five-year study.
  • Despite self-regulation, at-risk older drivers were twice as likely to incur subsequent at-fault crashes.

Conclusions:

  • Self-regulation of driving by limiting exposure is an insufficient strategy for older drivers at high crash risk.
  • UFOV is a significant predictor of crash risk in older adults.
  • Further interventions beyond driving restriction are necessary to enhance safety for at-risk older drivers.