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Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems

The empirical approach to drug therapy optimization relies on correlating pharmacological response with administered dosage. Such an approach can be costly, time-consuming, and often yields poor correlation due to variables like formulation factors and drug elimination characteristics. A more precise approach correlates response with plasma drug concentration or the amount of drug in the body, rather than dosage. This is achieved through pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling, which...
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In certain chromatographic separations, solutes transfer between the mobile phase and the stationary phase via sorption, which typically refers to the process of adsorption. For many chromatographic systems, the sorption process often depends on the polarity of the compounds—an expression of the overall dipole moment within the molecule. During the separation process, there is competition between the solute and solvent for adsorption to the stationary phase. Highly polar compounds and solvents...
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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Activation and Conjugation of Soluble Polysaccharides using 1-Cyano-4-Dimethylaminopyridine Tetrafluoroborate (CDAP)
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Published on: June 14, 2021

PDMS compound adsorption in context.

Nianzhen Li1, Michael Schwartz, Cristian Ionescu-Zanetti

  • 1Fluxion Biosciences, South San Francisco, California, 94080, USA.

Journal of Biomolecular Screening
|February 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices show minimal adsorption for hydrophilic dyes but significant adsorption for hydrophobic dyes like TMR. Desorption from PDMS channels under flow is rapid, with concentrations dropping to negligible levels within seconds.

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Published on: May 18, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Soft lithography of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) enables cost-effective microfluidic device fabrication.
  • PDMS surfaces present challenges due to porosity and hydrophobicity, potentially affecting compound adsorption.
  • Understanding adsorption is crucial for reliable microfluidic applications in biotechnology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically characterize the adsorption of fluorescent dyes with varying hydrophobicity on PDMS.
  • To compare PDMS adsorption with traditional substrates like glass and polystyrene.
  • To investigate adsorption and desorption dynamics in PDMS microfluidic channels under flow conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of microfluidic devices using soft lithography of PDMS.
  • Systematic characterization of fluorescent dye adsorption (calcein and TMR) on PDMS, glass, and polystyrene surfaces.
  • In-situ study of adsorption and desorption kinetics within PDMS microfluidic channels under continuous flow.

Main Results:

  • Minimal adsorption of hydrophilic calcein on PDMS was observed.
  • Hydrophobic TMR adsorbed significantly more on PDMS (up to 4x) compared to glass or polystyrene.
  • Desorption under flow conditions was rapid, with time constants of 10-42 seconds, reaching negligible concentrations quickly.

Conclusions:

  • PDMS is suitable for applications involving hydrophilic compounds but may require surface modification for hydrophobic compounds.
  • The rapid desorption kinetics of PDMS under flow conditions are favorable for microfluidic applications requiring frequent sample or reagent changes.
  • Careful consideration of dye hydrophobicity is essential when designing PDMS-based microfluidic systems for accurate results.