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Published on: August 31, 2014
Differences in APOBEC3G expression in CD4+ T helper lymphocyte subtypes modulate HIV-1 infectivity
Michael L Vetter1, Megan E Johnson, Amanda K Antons
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Plos Pathogens
|February 7, 2009
Summary
APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F expression varies with T helper cell differentiation, impacting HIV-1 infectivity. Interferon-gamma influences these levels, affecting viral progeny even with HIV-1 vif.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F are cytidine deaminases with anti-HIV-1 activity.
- HIV-1 vif protein antagonizes APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F.
- T helper lymphocyte differentiation may influence APOBEC3 expression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F expression varies with T helper lymphocyte differentiation.
- To determine the role of Tbet and GATA3 in regulating APOBEC3 expression.
- To assess the impact of APOBEC3 expression on HIV-1 infectivity.
Main Methods:
- Differentiating naive CD4+ T lymphocytes into Th1 and Th2 effector cells.
- Measuring APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F RNA and protein levels.
- Assessing HIV-1 virion infectivity and APOBEC3G content.
Main Results:
- APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F levels were higher in Th1 than Th2 cells.
- Interferon-gamma modulated APOBEC3 expression.
- Th1-produced HIV-1 virions showed higher APOBEC3G and lower infectivity.
Conclusions:
- APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F levels physiologically vary during CD4+ T cell differentiation.
- Interferon-gamma contributes to APOBEC3 modulation.
- Physiological regulation of APOBEC3 affects HIV-1 progeny infectivity, even with vif.
