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Measles virus and CD46

C Kemper1, J P Atkinson

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|February 10, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Measles virus cell entry was identified in 1993, revealing CD46 as the primary receptor. This discovery significantly advanced understanding of measles pathogenesis and vaccine development.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Measles virus (MV) is highly contagious and a major cause of childhood mortality.
  • Despite decades of research and vaccine development, MV cell entry mechanisms remained unclear until the 1990s.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the cell entry receptor(s) for measles virus.
  • To elucidate the role of identified receptors in MV infection and pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Transfection of nonsusceptible rodent cells with human CD46.
  • Infection assays using Edmonston and Halle MV vaccine strains.
  • Inhibition assays using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against CD46.

Main Results:

  • Transfection with human CD46 rendered rodent cells susceptible to MV infection.
  • Antibodies targeting CD46 effectively inhibited MV binding and infection.
  • These findings established CD46 as a functional MV cell entry receptor.

Conclusions:

  • CD46 acts as a critical cell entry receptor for measles virus.
  • Understanding the CD46-MV interaction is key for measles pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.

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