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Published on: March 4, 2016
Cilostazol suppresses neointimal hyperplasia in canine vein grafts
Fabio A Kudo1, Yuka Kondo, Akihito Muto
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Purpose:
To investigate whether cilostazol, a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) phosphodiesterase inhibitor, suppresses intimal hyperplasia in canine vein grafts, and to elucidate its mechanisms in terms of cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Methods:
Bilateral reversed jugular vein interposition grafts of the common carotid artery were performed in 12 beagle dogs. Starting from 7 days before surgery, either cilostazol (30 mg/day; n = 6) or a placebo (n = 6) was given orally twice daily. Vein grafts were harvested at 1 or 4 weeks, and fixed under pressure for histological examination.
Results:
By 1 week after implantation, the cilostazol group showed significantly less cell proliferation than the placebo group. By 4 weeks after implantation, intimal and medial thickness was significantly thinner in the cilostazol group than in the placebo group. There was significantly more apoptosis in the placebo group than in the cilostazol group at both time points.
Conclusion:
Cilostazol suppressed the development of intimal hyperplasia in canine autogenous vein grafts. Thus, it may be associated with the modulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Insights
Cilostazol effectively reduced intimal hyperplasia in canine vein grafts by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. This suggests cilostazol is a promising therapeutic agent for preventing graft failure.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Pharmacology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Intimal hyperplasia is a major cause of vein graft failure.
- Understanding the cellular mechanisms of intimal hyperplasia is crucial for developing effective treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, can suppress intimal hyperplasia in canine vein grafts.
- To investigate the effects of cilostazol on cell proliferation and apoptosis in vein grafts.
Main Methods:
- Canine carotid artery interposition vein grafts were created in 12 beagle dogs.
- Dogs received either cilostazol (30 mg/day) or placebo orally twice daily starting 7 days pre-surgery.
- Grafts were harvested at 1 and 4 weeks for histological analysis.
Main Results:
- Cilostazol significantly reduced cell proliferation at 1 week post-implantation.
- Intimal and medial thickness were significantly reduced in the cilostazol group at 4 weeks.
- Apoptosis was significantly higher in the placebo group compared to the cilostazol group at both time points.
Conclusions:
- Cilostazol effectively suppressed intimal hyperplasia development in canine autogenous vein grafts.
- The mechanism involves the modulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis.
- Cilostazol shows potential as a therapeutic agent to improve vein graft patency.
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