Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2026
07:13
Platelet-based Detection of Nitric Oxide in Blood by Measuring VASP Phosphorylation
Published on: January 7, 2019
Nitric oxide: news from stem cells to platelets
L P D'Atri1, E Malaver, M A Romaniuk
1Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Hematological Research Institute, National Academy of Medicine, CONICET, Buenos Aires Argentina.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
|February 10, 2009
Summary
Nitric oxide (NO) regulates blood cell formation and platelet production. This review explores NO's role in hematopoiesis and platelet function, including therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Nitric oxide (NO) is a crucial signaling molecule produced by mammalian cells.
- NO acts as a biomodulator in various physiological systems, including the hematopoietic system.
- The NO signaling pathway involves soluble guanylyl cyclase and cyclic GMP (cGMP).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of exogenous and endogenous nitric oxide in hematopoietic stem cell biology.
- To summarize NO's involvement in megakaryocyte development and platelet biogenesis.
- To discuss the relevance of platelet-derived NO generation on platelet function and potential therapeutic strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review summarizing current knowledge on NO in hematopoiesis.
- Discussion of NO synthesis regulation by NO synthases.
- Analysis of the NO/cGMP pathway in platelets and its modulation by pharmacological agents.
Main Results:
- Nitric oxide plays a significant role as an autocrine, paracrine, and intracellular effector in the hematopoietic system.
- NO influences hematopoietic stem cell commitment, megakaryocyte maturation, and platelet release.
- Platelet-derived NO impacts platelet function, and its dysregulation is linked to various diseases.
Conclusions:
- Nitric oxide is a key regulator of megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis.
- Modulating the NO/cGMP pathway presents potential therapeutic avenues for hematological disorders.
- Further research into NO's multifaceted roles in hematopoiesis is warranted.
More Related Videos
08:23Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds
Published on: February 16, 2022
08:32Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells
Published on: March 16, 2017
Related Concept Videos
01:28Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway
Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...
01:21Paracrine Signaling
Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...
01:24Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
01:18Structure and Function of Platelets
The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets, with...
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets, with...
01:21Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration
Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
01:10Mechanism of Angiogenesis
Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...