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Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...

Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors

Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors

Signal sequences are short amino acid sequences that guide newly synthesized proteins to their proper location within the cell. Classical signal sequences are fifteen to sixty amino acids long and present at the N-terminus of a polypeptide chain. Each signal sequence has a conserved segment of basic residues towards their N terminus, a hydrophobic core, and a C-terminus rich in polar residues. The C-terminus also contains a signal cleavage site and features a -3 -1 sequence motif. The -3-1...

Chirality in Nature

Chirality in Nature

Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid. The...

Peptide Bonds

Peptide Bonds

A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Tripeptide-Stabilized Nanoemulsion of Oleic Acid

A Tripeptide-Stabilized Nanoemulsion of Oleic Acid

Published on: February 27, 2019

Designer peptides: learning from nature.

A Shrivastava¹, A D Nunn, M F Tweedle

¹Ernst Felder Laboratories, Bracco Research USA, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.

Current Pharmaceutical Design

|February 10, 2009

Summary

Peptide ligands offer superior specificity and affinity compared to traditional therapeutics. These advances enable targeted drug delivery for cancer and diagnostics, improving upon small molecules and antibodies.

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Medicinal Chemistry
Pharmacology

Background:

Peptides are emerging as powerful therapeutic agents, rivaling small molecules and proteins.
Peptide ligands demonstrate high affinity and specificity, surpassing conventional drugs and antibodies.
Nature-inspired peptide design is advancing therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the advancements in peptide ligand design for therapeutic applications.
To underscore the advantages of peptides over small molecules and antibodies in drug delivery and diagnostics.
To explore the utility of natural peptide ligands in developing novel therapeutics.

Main Methods:

Review of recent literature on peptide ligand design.
Comparative analysis of peptide properties versus small molecules and antibodies.

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Published on: August 1, 2018

Protein WISDOM: A Workbench for In silico De novo Design of BioMolecules

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Published on: July 25, 2013

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Tripeptide-Stabilized Nanoemulsion of Oleic Acid

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Published on: February 27, 2019

Constructing Thioether/Vinyl Sulfide-tethered Helical Peptides Via Photo-induced Thiol-ene/yne Hydrothiolation

Constructing Thioether/Vinyl Sulfide-tethered Helical Peptides Via Photo-induced Thiol-ene/yne Hydrothiolation

Published on: August 1, 2018

Protein WISDOM: A Workbench for In silico De novo Design of BioMolecules

Protein WISDOM: A Workbench for In silico De novo Design of BioMolecules

Published on: July 25, 2013

Case studies on peptide applications in targeted drug delivery and diagnostics.

Main Results:

Peptides achieve antibody-comparable affinities and superior specificity.
Peptides serve as effective delivery vehicles for cytotoxic drugs and diagnostic agents.
Natural peptide insights enhance the design of antibodies and small molecule drugs.

Conclusions:

Peptide ligands represent a significant advancement in therapeutic and diagnostic development.
Their high specificity and affinity make them ideal for targeted therapies, particularly in oncology.
Further research into peptide design, inspired by nature, promises to yield next-generation therapeutics.