Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2026
06:31
Probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy of the Urinary Tract: The Technique
Published on: January 10, 2013
Initial experimental evaluation of wireless capsule endoscopes in the bladder: implications for capsule cystoscopy
Matthew T Gettman1, Paul Swain
1Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. gettman.matthew@mayo.edu
European Urology
|February 10, 2009
Summary
Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) shows feasibility for bladder examination. This minimally invasive technique successfully visualized the entire bladder lining in a pig model, paving the way for potential new cystoscopy methods.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Minimally Invasive Surgery
- Medical Device Technology
Background:
- Cystoscopy is a key diagnostic tool for lower urinary tract conditions.
- Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE), while established in gastroenterology, has not been widely adopted for urological applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the feasibility of utilizing WCE for cystoscopy in a preclinical animal model.
- To evaluate the capabilities of WCE in visualizing the bladder lining.
Main Methods:
- A WCE was deployed into the bladder of a farm pig via a custom access sheath.
- The capsule's deployment, manipulation (passive and magnetic), and real-time image transmission were evaluated.
- Image capture and retrieval were assessed, followed by gross examination after euthanasia.
Main Results:
- Successful deployment and manipulation of the WCE within the bladder were achieved.
- Complete visualization of the bladder mucosa was accomplished with real-time image transmission.
- No intra-procedural complications were observed; minor urethral bleeding occurred post-procedure, likely due to sheath placement.
Conclusions:
- Wireless capsule endoscopy demonstrates feasibility as a method for cystoscopy.
- The technology allows for comprehensive visualization of the bladder mucosa.
- Further technological and procedural advancements are recommended for this novel cystoscopy approach.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy
Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers, unexplained...
01:28Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination
Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
01:22Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography
Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
01:24Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography
IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
01:22Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography
IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...