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Variant angina complicated by polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Ashley Chin¹, Michelle Casey¹

¹Cardiac Clinic, Groote Schuur Hospital and the University of Cape Town, South Africa.

International Journal of Cardiology

|February 10, 2009

Summary

Variant angina, a type of chest pain, can lead to dangerous heart rhythms like polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. This case highlights successful treatment using calcium-channel blockers and nitrates.

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Clinical Medicine
Pharmacology

Background:

Variant angina (Prinzmetal's angina) is characterized by coronary artery spasm causing ischemic chest pain.
Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia.
Correlating angina with electrocardiographic changes and spasm induction is crucial for diagnosis.

Observation:

A patient presented with classic symptoms of variant angina.
The angina episode was complicated by polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
ST segment elevation was observed during the anginal episode.

Findings:

Multi-vessel coronary spasm was induced using ergonovine, confirming the diagnosis.
The patient's condition was successfully managed with long-acting calcium-channel blockers and nitrates.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of recognizing variant angina and its potential complications.
Pharmacological management with calcium-channel blockers and nitrates is effective for variant angina and associated arrhythmias.
Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent severe cardiac events.