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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Investigation of Disease Outbreaks01:23

Investigation of Disease Outbreaks

Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
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Cholera01:25

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Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route through the ingestion of contaminated water or food.Vibrio cholerae is a motile, Gram-negative bacterium of the family Vibrionaceae, primarily associated with waterborne outbreaks in areas with inadequate sanitation. Although over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae exist, only O1 and O139 are responsible for epidemic cholera. The O1 serogroup,...
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Giardiasis is a globally prevalent intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (also known as G. lamblia or G. intestinalis). This flagellated protozoan is the most frequently identified intestinal parasite in the United States and worldwide. Transmission primarily occurs via the fecal-oral route, with infection arising from ingestion of water or food contaminated with cysts. Individuals in low-resource settings, international travelers, outdoor enthusiasts, daycare...

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A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.
06:55

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

Published on: November 7, 2018

Viral gastroenteritis outbreaks in deployed British troops during 2002-7.

M S Bailey1, C I Gallimore, L D Lines

  • 1Department of Military Medicine, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK. mark@ramc.org

Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps
|February 11, 2009
PubMed
Summary

British troops experienced viral gastroenteritis outbreaks, primarily norovirus, in Iraq between 2002-7. Findings aid in predicting and preventing future outbreaks through targeted strategies.

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

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06:55

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Adapting Gastrointestinal Organoids for Pathogen Infection and Single Cell Sequencing under Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) Conditions
07:59

Adapting Gastrointestinal Organoids for Pathogen Infection and Single Cell Sequencing under Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) Conditions

Published on: September 10, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Military Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Viral gastroenteritis poses a significant health risk to deployed military personnel.
  • Outbreaks among British troops between 2002-7 highlighted the need for better understanding and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze lessons learned from suspected viral gastroenteritis outbreaks in deployed British troops from 2002-7.
  • To inform future prevention strategies for infectious diseases in military settings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological and laboratory data from identified outbreaks.
  • Analysis of epidemic curves and PCR testing for enteropathic viruses.

Main Results:

  • 10 out of 11 outbreaks (91%) had a confirmed viral cause, predominantly in Iraq (91%).
  • Noroviruses accounted for 73% of identified enteropathic viruses, including novel and common strains.
  • Multiple virus involvement in 50% of outbreaks suggests food or water contamination, particularly in medical units and large deployments.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding outbreak dynamics aids in predicting future viral gastroenteritis.
  • Findings support targeted prevention strategies for deployed forces.
  • Further systematic studies are recommended to enhance understanding and control measures.