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Investigating Long-term Synaptic Plasticity in Interlamellar Hippocampus CA1 by Electrophysiological Field Recording

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Hippocampus volume and episodic memory in schizophrenia.

Robert J Thoma¹, Mollie Monnig, Faith M Hanlon

¹Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, USA. rjthoma@salud.unm.edu

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS

|February 11, 2009

Summary

Schizophrenia patients show impaired neuropsychological (NP) functioning and smaller anterior hippocampus (AH) volumes. Unlike healthy controls, their memory abilities correlate atypically with regional hippocampus volumes and age.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Radiology

Background:

Schizophrenia is linked to neuropsychological deficits and hippocampus abnormalities.
Understanding the relationship between hippocampus structure and cognitive function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between hippocampus volume and neuropsychological functioning in schizophrenia.
To compare these relationships in patients with chronic schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess intracranial, white/gray matter, and anterior/posterior hippocampus volumes.
Neuropsychological domains including IQ, attention, and executive function were evaluated.
Volumetric and cognitive measures were correlated in 24 schizophrenia patients and 24 controls.

Main Results:

Schizophrenia patients exhibited overall impaired NP functioning and smaller anterior hippocampus (AH) volumes.
In controls, hippocampus volume positively correlated with verbal memory.
In schizophrenia, positive correlations were limited to the posterior hippocampus (PH), with negative correlations between AH and memory measures.

Conclusions:

Atypical relationships between regional hippocampus volumes and episodic memory were observed in schizophrenia.
An atypical negative association between hippocampus volume and age was found in schizophrenia patients.
These findings suggest distinct neurobiological underpinnings of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.