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Acute interstitial nephritis with prominent eosinophil infiltration
1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Clinical Nephrology
|February 11, 2009
Summary
Acute interstitial nephritis with eosinophil infiltration, though rare, can be triggered by various drugs, including clam extract. Pre-existing nephrotic syndrome is a risk factor, but steroid treatment often leads to recovery.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a common kidney disease.
- Prominent eosinophil infiltration in AIN is a rare presentation.
Observation:
- A case of clam extract-associated AIN with eosinophilia was reported.
- Ten cases, including the reported one, were analyzed from medical literature.
- Various drugs were suspected as causative agents.
Findings:
- Seven out of ten patients had pre-existing nephrotic syndrome.
- Eosinophilia was present in six patients.
- Nine patients treated with steroids showed good responses, while one patient died.
Implications:
- AIN with eosinophil infiltration can result from diverse drug exposures.
- Pre-existing nephrotic syndrome may predispose individuals to this condition.
- Prompt steroid therapy is generally effective, with a low fatality rate.
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